This document outlines the sources and methodologies for all health and medical-related data presented in Glucoflo. All data is either user-provided or sourced from Apple HealthKit, a secure and standardized health data platform integrated with iOS. We ensure transparency by clearly attributing data origins and calculations, accessible to users within the app.

1. Food Profile: Glucose Change vs. Insulin Dosage Chart

• Description: This chart in Glucoflo’s Food Profile displays the change in glucose levels (y-axis) relative to the insulin dosage (x-axis) for a specific meal, such as "Ham & Cheese Sandwich."
• Data Source:
  • Glucose Levels: Sourced directly from Apple HealthKit, which integrates with FDA-approved continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices (e.g., Dexcom, FreeStyle Libre). Users grant explicit permission for Glucoflo to access this data during onboarding.
  • Insulin Dosage: User-entered data, manually logged within Glucoflo. Insulin doses added within 10 minutes of the meal log are associated with that meal.
• Methodology:
  • Glucose change is calculated as follows:
    • Initial glucose level is recorded at the time of the food log (via HealthKit).
    • A second glucose level is recorded 3 hours later (via HealthKit).
    • Change = (Glucose at 3 hours) - (Glucose at food log time).
  • Insulin dosage is the user-entered dose (in units) logged within 10 minutes of the meal.
• Citation:
  • Data is user-generated or sourced from Apple HealthKit (see Apple HealthKit Documentation: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/healthkit).
  • The methodology for glucose change calculation aligns with standard diabetes management practices, as outlined by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) in their Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes (https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/47/Supplement_1/S1/153956/Standards-of-Care-in-Diabetes-2024).
• In-App Access: A “Data Sources” button on the Food Profile screen links to this explanation and references.

2. User Profile: Glucose Change vs. Insulin:Carb Ratio Chart

• Description: This chart in Glucoflo’s Profile section displays the change in glucose levels (y-axis) relative to the insulin-to-carb ratio (x-axis) for logged meals.
• Data Source:
  • Glucose Levels: Sourced from Apple HealthKit, as described above.
  • Insulin Dosage: User-entered data, logged within Glucoflo.
  • Carbohydrates: User-entered nutritional data for the meal (e.g., 43.5g carbs for "Ham & Cheese Sandwich").
• Methodology:
  • Glucose change is calculated as above: (Glucose at 3 hours) - (Glucose at food log time).
  • Insulin:Carb ratio = (Total carbohydrates in grams) ÷ (Insulin dosage in units), using data logged within 10 minutes of the meal.
• Citation:
  • Data is user-generated or sourced from Apple HealthKit (https://developer.apple.com/documentation/healthkit).
  • The insulin-to-carb ratio calculation is a standard metric in diabetes management, as recommended by the ADA (https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/47/Supplement_1/S1/153956/Standards-of-Care-in-Diabetes-2024).
• In-App Access: A “Data Sources” button on the Profile screen links to this explanation and references.

3. User Profile: Glucose Change vs. Fasted Insulin Dose Chart

• Description: This chart in Glucoflo’s Profile section displays the change in glucose levels (y-axis) relative to a fasted insulin dose (x-axis).
• Data Source:
  • Glucose Levels: Sourced from Apple HealthKit, as described above.
  • Insulin Dosage: User-entered data, logged within Glucoflo.
• Methodology:
  • A “fasted” insulin dose is defined as an insulin entry with no other insulin doses or food logs within the prior 6 hours or the following 3 hours.
  • Glucose change = (Glucose at 3 hours post-dose) - (Glucose at time of dose).
• Citation:
  • Data is user-generated or sourced from Apple HealthKit (https://developer.apple.com/documentation/healthkit).
  • The concept of monitoring glucose response to insulin in a fasted state aligns with diabetes management guidelines from the ADA (https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/47/Supplement_1/S1/153956/Standards-of-Care-in-Diabetes-2024).
• In-App Access: A “Data Sources” button on the Profile screen links to this explanation and references.

4. Main Chart: Glucose History with Insulin and Food Markers